Operating_system
Support-form submission status markerContains Arabic or Urdu script
SHA-256b6a41f6b691215899f44c0adb364346b90bf59e44d17395e7846381e9abd97fa
MaleculeO(C)H(Cm)Md
Evidence
1<!DOCTYPE html>
2<html class="client-nojs vector-feature-language-in-header-enabled vector-feature-language-in-main-menu-disabled vector-feature-language-in-main-page-header-disabled vector-feature-page-tools-pinned-disabled vector-feature-toc-pinned-clientpref-1 vector-feature-main-menu-pinned-disabled vector-feature-limited-width-clientpref-1 vector-feature-limited-width-content-enabled vector-feature-custom-font-size-clientpref-1 vector-feature-appearance-pinned-clientpref-1 skin-theme-clientpref-day vector-feature-navigation-update-disabled vector-sticky-header-enabled vector-toc-available skin-thumbsize-clientpref-standard" lang="en" dir="ltr">
3<head>
4<meta charset="UTF-8">
5<title>Operating system - Wikipedia</title>
6<script>(function(){var className="client-js vector-feature-language-in-header-enabled vector-feature-language-in-main-menu-disabled vector-feature-language-in-main-page-header-disabled vector-feature-page-tools-pinned-disabled vector-feature-toc-pinned-clientpref-1 vector-feature-main-menu-pinned-disabled vector-feature-limited-width-clientpref-1 vector-feature-limited-width-content-enabled vector-feature-custom-font-size-clientpref-1 vector-feature-appearance-pinned-clientpref-1 skin-theme-clientpref-day vector-feature-navigation-update-disabled vector-sticky-header-enabled vector-toc-available skin-thumbsize-clientpref-standard";var cookie=document.cookie.match(/(?:^|; )enwikimwclientpreferences=([^;]+)/);if(cookie){cookie[1].split('%2C').forEach(function(pref){className=className.replace(new RegExp('(^| )'+pref.replace(/-clientpref-\w+$|[^\w-]+/g,'')+'-clientpref-\\w+( |$)'),'$1'+pref+'$2');});}document.documentElement.className=className;}());RLCONF={"wgBreakFrames":false,"wgSeparatorTransformTable":["",
7RLSTATE={"ext.globalCssJs.user.styles":"ready","site.styles":"ready","user.styles":"ready","ext.globalCssJs.user":"ready","user":"ready","user.options":"loading","ext.wikimediamessages.styles":"ready","ext.imagemap.styles":"ready","ext.cite.parsoid.styles":"ready","ext.cite.styles":"ready","mediawiki.skinning.content.parsoid":"ready","skins.vector.search.codex.styles":"ready","skins.vector.styles":"ready","skins.vector.icons":"ready","jquery.makeCollapsible.styles":"ready","ext.visualEditor.desktopArticleTarget.noscript":"ready","ext.uls.interlanguage":"ready","wikibase.client.init":"ready","ext.wikimediaBadges":"ready","ext.wikimediaBadges.ulsV2":"ready"};RLPAGEMODULES=["ext.imagemap","ext.cite.ux-enhancements","mediawiki.page.media","ext.scribunto.logs","site","mediawiki.page.ready","jquery.makeCollapsible","mediawiki.toc","skins.vector.js","ext.centralNotice.geoIP","ext.centralNotice.startUp","ext.gadget.ReferenceTooltips","ext.gadget.switcher","ext.urlShortener.toolbar","ext.centralauth.centralautologin",
8<script>(RLQ=window.RLQ||[]).push(function(){mw.loader.impl(function(){return["user.options@12s5i",function($,jQuery,require,module){mw.user.tokens.set({"patrolToken":"+\\","watchToken":"+\\","csrfToken":"+\\"});
9}];});});</script>
10<link rel="stylesheet" href="/w/load.php?lang=en&modules=ext.cite.parsoid.styles%7Cext.cite.styles%7Cext.imagemap.styles%7Cext.uls.interlanguage%7Cext.visualEditor.desktopArticleTarget.noscript%7Cext.wikimediaBadges%7Cext.wikimediaBadges.ulsV2%7Cext.wikimediamessages.styles%7Cjquery.makeCollapsible.styles%7Cmediawiki.skinning.content.parsoid%7Cskins.vector.icons%2Cstyles%7Cskins.vector.search.codex.styles%7Cwikibase.client.init&only=styles&skin=vector-2022">
11<script async="" src="/w/load.php?lang=en&modules=startup&only=scripts&raw=1&skin=vector-2022"></script>
12<meta name="ResourceLoaderDynamicStyles" content="">
⋯11 lines
815 <ul class="vector-menu-content-list">
816
817 <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ace mw-list-item"><a href="https://ace.wikipedia.org/wiki/OS" title="OS – Acehnese" lang="ace" hreflang="ace" data-title="OS" data-language-autonym="Acèh" data-language-local-name="Acehnese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Acèh</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-af mw-list-item"><a href="https://af.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bedryfstelsel_(inligtingstegnologie)" title="Bedryfstelsel (inligtingstegnologie) – Afrikaans" lang="af" hreflang="af" data-title="Bedryfstelsel (inligtingstegnologie)" data-language-autonym="Afrikaans" data-language-local-name="Afrikaans" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Afrikaans</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-als mw-list-item"><a href="https://als.wikipedia.org/wiki/Betriebssystem" title="Betriebssystem – Alemannic" lang="gsw" hreflang="gsw" data-title="Betriebssystem" data-language-autonym="Alemannisch" data-language-local-name="Alemannic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Alem
818 </ul>
819 <div class="after-portlet after-portlet-lang"><span class="wb-langlinks-edit wb-langlinks-link"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q9135#sitelinks-wikipedia" title="Edit interlanguage links" class="wbc-editpage">Edit links</a></span></div>
820 </div>
1145<p id="mwAlk"><a rel="mw:WikiLink" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/User_(computing)" title="User (computing)" id="mwAlo">Users</a> can send messages to the kernel to modify the behavior of a currently running process.<sup about="#mwt251" class="mw-ref reference" id="cite_ref-lpi-ch20-p388_63-3" rel="dc:references" typeof="mw:Extension/ref" data-mw='{"name":"ref","attrs":{"name":"lpi-ch20-p388"}}'><a href="#cite_note-lpi-ch20-p388-63" id="mwAls"><span class="mw-reflink-text" id="mwAlw"><span class="cite-bracket" id="mwAl0">[</span>62<span class="cite-bracket" id="mwAl4">]</span></span></a></sup> For example, in the <a rel="mw:WikiLink" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Command-line_interface" title="Command-line interface" id="mwAl8">command-line environment</a>, pressing the <i id="mwAmA">interrupt character</i> (usually <a rel="mw:WikiLink" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Control-C" title="Control-C" id="mwAmE">Control-C</a>) might terminate the currently running process.<sup about="#mwt252" class=
1385<li about="#cite_note-FOOTNOTESilberschatz_et_al.2018705-31" id="cite_note-FOOTNOTESilberschatz_et_al.2018705-31" data-mw-footnote-number="31"><span class="mw-cite-backlink" id="mwBpg"><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTESilberschatz_et_al.2018705_31-0" rel="mw:referencedBy" id="mwBpk"><span class="mw-linkback-text" id="mwBpo">↑</span></a></span> <span id="mw-reference-text-cite_note-FOOTNOTESilberschatz_et_al.2018705-31" class="mw-reference-text reference-text"><a rel="mw:WikiLink" href="#CITEREFSilberschatz_et_al.2018" class="mw-selflink-fragment" id="mwBps">Silberschatz et al. 2018</a>, pp.<span typeof="mw:Entity" id="mwBpw"> </span>705.</span></li>
1386<li about="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEAndersonDahlin201412-32" id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEAndersonDahlin201412-32" data-mw-footnote-number="32"><span class="mw-cite-backlink" id="mwBp0"><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEAndersonDahlin201412_32-0" rel="mw:referencedBy" id="mwBp4"><span class="mw-linkback-text" id="mwBp8">↑</span></a></span> <span id="mw-reference-text-cite_note-FOOTNOTEAndersonDahlin201412-32" class="mw-reference-text reference-text"><a rel="mw:WikiLink" href="#CITEREFAndersonDahlin2014" class="mw-selflink-fragment" id="mwBqA">Anderson <span typeof="mw:Entity" id="mwBqE">&</span> Dahlin 2014</a>, p.<span typeof="mw:Entity" id="mwBqI"> </span>12.</span></li>
1387<li about="#cite_note-Unikernels-33" id="cite_note-Unikernels-33" data-mw-footnote-number="33"><span class="mw-cite-backlink" id="mwBqM"><a href="#cite_ref-Unikernels_33-0" rel="mw:referencedBy" id="mwBqQ"><span class="mw-linkback-text" id="mwBqU">↑</span></a></span> <span id="mw-reference-text-cite_note-Unikernels-33" class="mw-reference-text reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1333433106" about="#mwt140" typeof="mw:Extension/templatestyles mw:Transclusion" id="mwBqY" data-mw='{"name":"templatestyles","attrs":{"src":"Module:Citation/CS1/styles.css"},"body":{"extsrc":""},"parts":[{"template":{"target":{"wt":"cite magazine\n ","href":"./Template:Cite_magazine"},"params":{"last1":{"wt":"Madhavapeddy"},"first1":{"wt":"Anil"},"last2":{"wt":"Scott"},"first2":{"wt":"David J"},"date":{"wt":"November 2013"},"title":{"wt":"Unikernels: Rise of the Virtual Library Operating System: What if all the software layers in a virtual appliance were compiled within the same sa
1388<li about="#cite_note-Unikraft-Build-Process-34" id="cite_note-Unikraft-Build-Process-34" data-mw-footnote-number="34"><span class="mw-cite-backlink" id="mwBrU"><a href="#cite_ref-Unikraft-Build-Process_34-0" rel="mw:referencedBy" id="mwBrY"><span class="mw-linkback-text" id="mwBrc">↑</span></a></span> <span id="mw-reference-text-cite_note-Unikraft-Build-Process-34" class="mw-reference-text reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1333433106" about="#mwt143" typeof="mw:Extension/templatestyles mw:Transclusion" id="mwBrg" data-mw='{"name":"templatestyles","attrs":{"src":"Module:Citation/CS1/styles.css"},"body":{"extsrc":""},"parts":[{"template":{"target":{"wt":"cite web\n ","href":"./Template:Cite_web"},"params":{"url":{"wt":"https://unikraft.org/docs/concepts/build-process"},"access-date":{"wt":"2024-08-08"},"title":{"wt":"Build Process - Unikraft"},"archive-date":{"wt":"2024-04-22"},"archive-url":{"wt":"https://web.archive.org/web/20240422183734/https://unikraf
1389<li about="#cite_note-rise-of-libOS-35" id="cite_note-rise-of-libOS-35" data-mw-footnote-number="35"><span class="mw-cite-backlink" id="mwBr8"><a href="#cite_ref-rise-of-libOS_35-0" rel="mw:referencedBy" id="mwBsA"><span class="mw-linkback-text" id="mwBsE">↑</span></a></span> <span id="mw-reference-text-cite_note-rise-of-libOS-35" class="mw-reference-text reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1333433106" about="#mwt146" typeof="mw:Extension/templatestyles mw:Transclusion" id="mwBsI" data-mw='{"name":"templatestyles","attrs":{"src":"Module:Citation/CS1/styles.css"},"body":{"extsrc":""},"parts":[{"template":{"target":{"wt":"cite web\n ","href":"./Template:Cite_web"},"params":{"url":{"wt":"https://www.sigarch.org/leave-your-os-at-home-the-rise-of-library-operating-systems/"},"access-date":{"wt":"2024-08-07"},"title":{"wt":"Leave your OS at home: the rise of library operating systems"},"date":{"wt":"2017-09-14"},"publisher":{"wt":"[[ACM SIGARCH]]"},"archive-date"
1390<li about="#cite_note-FlexSC-36" id="cite_note-FlexSC-36" data-mw-footnote-number="36"><span class="mw-cite-backlink" id="mwBso"><a href="#cite_ref-FlexSC_36-0" rel="mw:referencedBy" id="mwBss"><span class="mw-linkback-text" id="mwBsw">↑</span></a></span> <span id="mw-reference-text-cite_note-FlexSC-36" class="mw-reference-text reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1333433106" about="#mwt149" typeof="mw:Extension/templatestyles mw:Transclusion" id="mwBs0" data-mw='{"name":"templatestyles","attrs":{"src":"Module:Citation/CS1/styles.css"},"body":{"extsrc":""},"parts":[{"template":{"target":{"wt":"cite conference\n ","href":"./Template:Cite_conference"},"params":{"url":{"wt":"https://www.usenix.org/conference/osdi10/flexsc-flexible-system-call-scheduling-exception-less-system-calls"},"title":{"wt":"FlexSC: Flexible System Call Scheduling with Exception-Less System Calls"},"last1":{"wt":"Soares"},"first1":{"wt":"Livio Baldini <!-- https://liviosoares.github.io
1391<li about="#cite_note-FOOTNOTETanenbaumBos20238-37" id="cite_note-FOOTNOTETanenbaumBos20238-37" data-mw-footnote-number="37"><span rel="mw:referencedBy" class="mw-cite-backlink" id="mwBto"><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTETanenbaumBos20238_37-0" id="mwBts"><span class="mw-linkback-text" id="mwBtw">1</span></a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTETanenbaumBos20238_37-1" id="mwBt0"><span class="mw-linkback-text" id="mwBt4">2</span></a></span> <span id="mw-reference-text-cite_note-FOOTNOTETanenbaumBos20238-37" class="mw-reference-text reference-text"><a rel="mw:WikiLink" href="#CITEREFTanenbaumBos2023" class="mw-selflink-fragment" id="mwBt8">Tanenbaum <span typeof="mw:Entity" id="mwBuA">&</span> Bos 2023</a>, p.<span typeof="mw:Entity" id="mwBuE"> </span>8.</span></li>
1392<li about="#cite_note-OSTEP_book-38" id="cite_note-OSTEP_book-38" data-mw-footnote-number="38"><span class="mw-cite-backlink" id="mwBuI"><a href="#cite_ref-OSTEP_book_38-0" rel="mw:referencedBy" id="mwBuM"><span class="mw-linkback-text" id="mwBuQ">↑</span></a></span> <span id="mw-reference-text-cite_note-OSTEP_book-38" class="mw-reference-text reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1333433106" about="#mwt166" typeof="mw:Extension/templatestyles mw:Transclusion" id="mwBuU" data-mw='{"name":"templatestyles","attrs":{"src":"Module:Citation/CS1/styles.css"},"body":{"extsrc":""},"parts":[{"template":{"target":{"wt":"cite book ","href":"./Template:Cite_book"},"params":{"last1":{"wt":"Arpaci-Dusseau"},"first1":{"wt":"Remzi"},"last2":{"wt":"Arpaci-Dusseau"},"first2":{"wt":"Andrea"},"year":{"wt":"2015"},"url":{"wt":"http://pages.cs.wisc.edu/~remzi/OSTEP/"},"title":{"wt":"Operating Systems: Three Easy Pieces"},"access-date":{"wt":"25 July 2016"},"archive-date":{"wt":"25
1393<li about="#cite_note-FOOTNOTETanenbaumBos202310-39" id="cite_note-FOOTNOTETanenbaumBos202310-39" data-mw-footnote-number="39"><span class="mw-cite-backlink" id="mwBuw"><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTETanenbaumBos202310_39-0" rel="mw:referencedBy" id="mwBu0"><span class="mw-linkback-text" id="mwBu4">↑</span></a></span> <span id="mw-reference-text-cite_note-FOOTNOTETanenbaumBos202310-39" class="mw-reference-text reference-text"><a rel="mw:WikiLink" href="#CITEREFTanenbaumBos2023" class="mw-selflink-fragment" id="mwBu8">Tanenbaum <span typeof="mw:Entity" id="mwBvA">&</span> Bos 2023</a>, p.<span typeof="mw:Entity" id="mwBvE"> </span>10.</span></li>
1394<li about="#cite_note-FOOTNOTETanenbaumBos202311–12-40" id="cite_note-FOOTNOTETanenbaumBos202311–12-40" data-mw-footnote-number="40"><span class="mw-cite-backlink" id="mwBvI"><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTETanenbaumBos202311–12_40-0" rel="mw:referencedBy" id="mwBvM"><span class="mw-linkback-text" id="mwBvQ">↑</span></a></span> <span id="mw-reference-text-cite_note-FOOTNOTETanenbaumBos202311–12-40" class="mw-reference-text reference-text"><a rel="mw:WikiLink" href="#CITEREFTanenbaumBos2023" class="mw-selflink-fragment" id="mwBvU">Tanenbaum <span typeof="mw:Entity" id="mwBvY">&</span> Bos 2023</a>, pp.<span typeof="mw:Entity" id="mwBvc"> </span>11–12.</span></li>
1772<li><a rel="mw:WikiLink" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Digital_art" title="Digital art">Digital art</a></li>
1773<li><a rel="mw:WikiLink" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Electronic_publishing" title="Electronic publishing">Electronic publishing</a></li>
1774<li><a rel="mw:WikiLink" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cyberwarfare" title="Cyberwarfare">Cyberwarfare</a></li>
1775<li><a rel="mw:WikiLink" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Electronic_voting" title="Electronic voting">Electronic voting</a></li>
1776<li><a rel="mw:WikiLink" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Video_game" title="Video game">Video games</a></li>